Analisis Strategi Pertahanan Laut Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Ancaman Maritim Kontemporer

Abstract

Indonesia, as the world's largest archipelagic state, faces multidimensional contemporary maritime threats that challenge its sovereignty and maritime security. This research analyzes Indonesia's sea defense strategy in addressing these threats through a comprehensive literature review approach. Data were collected from official government documents, academic journals, and credible research reports, then analyzed using content analysis techniques and the Ends, Ways, and Means framework. The findings reveal that Indonesia confronts a broad spectrum of threats, including hybrid warfare in the South China Sea, IUU fishing causing economic losses of Rp30-101 trillion annually, piracy, smuggling, and marine pollution. The Indonesian Navy ranks fourth globally with 243 combat fleet units, demonstrating significant capability. However, challenges remain in modernizing main combatant vessels and inter-agency coordination. The implemented strategy combines diplomacy, law enforcement, and military approaches, proving effective in suppressing IUU fishing but requiring strengthening in striking force capabilities and inter-agency synergy to address more complex threats. Recommendations include continuing alutsista modernization, strengthening coordination mechanisms, and developing adaptive strategies responsive to technological developments and regional geopolitical dynamics

Keywords: Maritime Defense Strategy, Contemporary Maritime Threats, Indonesian Navy